- Multiple research studies have demonstrated that some medications are very effective for treating nicotine dependence. People who use these medications may double or possibly triple their quitting rates (Fiore et al., 2000; Leischow & Cook, 1998).
- The Guideline recommends five first-line medications (bupropion SR, nicotine patch, nicotine gum, nicotine nasal spray, and nicotine inhaler) and two second-line medications (clonidine and nortriptyline) to assist tobacco users attempting to quit.
- In 2002, a new form of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) was approved by the FDA as a first-line medication for the treatment of nicotine dependence, the nicotine lozenge.
- First-line medications have been found to be safe and effective for treating nicotine dependence and have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for this use.
- There is evidence to demonstrate that second-line medications are effective in the treatment of nicotine dependence. However, these medications are limited because: 1) the FDA has not approved them for the treatment of nicotine dependence, and 2) these medications have more potential side effects than first-line medications.
Treatment Specialist's role
Regarding pharmacological treatment, Treatment Specialists are responsible for:
- Recommending the use of effective medications to all people who are trying to quit tobacco, except in the presence of special circumstances.
- Informing people about the general characteristics of the most effective medications for the treatment of tobacco dependence.
- Providing behavioral therapy and follow-up to people using medications for the treatment of tobacco dependence.
- Recommending people attempting to quit to talk to a physician, nurse practitioner, pharmacist, or other health professional before using these medications.
Treatment Specialists are not licensed to prescribe medications for quitting tobacco and could be held responsible if they do so. People with questions about dosage, contraindications, or side effects should be referred to a licensed health professional for further information.
ADHS-BTEP Medication Benefit Helps Arizonans
to Stay Tobacco Free
As of March 1, 2008, Arizona’s redesigned tobacco treatment medication benefit makes it free to incorporate medication into a quit attempt. The benefit provides 12 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (patch, gum, or lozenge), bupropion SR/Zyban© or varenicline/Chantix™ (prescription required) and delivers it by mail at no cost to Arizona residents participating in State-funded cessation classes through ADHS-BTEP Local Projects or telephone counseling through the Arizona Smokers’ Helpline (ASH). For details, contact your ADHS-BTEP Local Project or ASH at 1-800-55-66-222.
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